Symptoms of breast cancer
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in women, and still causes this disease is not accurately known.
Factors raise the degree of risk:
There are factors that increase the risk of exposure to this disease, which in detail:- Age: exceed the risk of this disease, the more the age of the woman, and there are about 77% of breast cancer cases are diagnosed after the age of 55 years, while this figure is only 18% among women in the forties of the ages.- Genetic factors: Statistics indicate that the proportion of 5 - 10% of breast cancer cases have causes hereditary, specifically distortions in the work of genes like a normal BRCA2, BRCA1 note that these genes carried by men and women are equal, so can inherit through the parent.And not necessarily be infected women bearing rate of breast cancer genes because there are other factors that help the emergence of cancer.If genetic testing positive in the sense (and a genetic defect) This indicates increased risk of breast cancer, without specifying when or the possibility of its occurrence.It is noteworthy that the risk increases also with the presence of aunt similar to the relatives Mbeshrat (mother, sister, aunt, aunt or grandmother), in case the sister, mother or daughter infected, the risk increases twofold, but if there were two cases, the likelihood of risk increases five-fold . The presence family Qreptan or more were hit with ovarian cancer, the risk of breast cancer increases.- Breast cancer: when exposed to breast cancer, the likelihood of the risk in the other breast rise by 3 to 4 times.- The presence of abnormal changes in breast tissue such as Atypical Hyperplasia- Radiation therapy to the chest: in an earlier period Radiation Therapy- The menstrual cycle: starting menstrual cycles early (before the age of 12 years) and / or late menopause after the age of 55 years- Childlessness or delayed first pregnancy beyond 30 years.- Contraceptives that are taken by mouth: There is a possibility based on several studies that the use of oral contraceptives to a slight increase in the proportion of exposure to breast cancer. This rise lawless after dropping out of the use of these drugs for more than 10 years.
- The use of estrogen or progesterone: After menopause, and in this case being discuss the benefits and harms of this treatment with your doctor before you start eating.
- Breastfeeding: possible that breastfeeding reduces breast somewhat of the incidence of breast cancer, especially if you continue to breastfeed for a year and a half to two years.
Studies have shown that women Almnjbat to a larger number of children and lactating women for a longer period that had higher proportion of breast cancer less than others.- Alcohol: It is possible that alcohol increases the likelihood of injury increased by one and a half times.- Obesity and high-fat foods: especially after menopause while obesity does not constitute an additional factor in the case found in since childhood.- Sports: reduce the sport if exercised regularly risk of even limited to 1.25 - 2.30 hours per week as it is in this case to reduce their risk by 18%.- Environmental pollution: by some medications deadly to insects DDE and other pollutants such as Polychlorinated biphenyl
- Smoking: possible to increase the proportion of injury, but studies did not prove this conclusively
Symptoms of breast cancer
For many breast cancer symptoms, including:- Swelling or thickening in the breast or underarm
- Change in the shape, size or rotate breast
- The presence of secretions from the nipple (other than milk)
- A change in the color or texture of the breast
- A change in color of the nipple or visibility or nipple coup or change in the skin of the nipple (rash) or pain in the nipple
Breast self-examination
Every woman over the age of 20 years to conduct examination of her breasts once a month.
If Ms. still at the stage of menstruation, it must examinations Alqian by 3 to 4 days after the end.
As for whether Ms. had reached the age of menopause can then conduct testing during any day of the month and every 30 days.
Should not occur after breast self-examination and on a monthly basis.HOW TO MAKE A breast self-examination:- Stand in front of the mirror and look at the breast to note the following:
Change in the skin, change in shape, shrink the nipple into the breast
- Breast examination:
Examination begins to lie down comfortably with the lifting of the left arm and bend the back of the head. Examine all areas of the left side of the chest using the right hand in the form of circular motions with nipple sensitivity radial or vertically up and down to make sure there are no tumors or areas where a solid fabric. Then scan the area under the left armpit to make sure there are no lumps.
Repeated later the same process in the right breast and the area under his right armpit.
Each time being pressure on the nipple to make sure that there is no discharge.It should be noted that it is possible to perform breast self-examination during the bathing is also where the wet hands with soap glides better on the skin.In the event of any of the above changes, you should not enter into turmoil because 8 out of 10 breast tumors are benign tumors, but must in this case, check with your doctor at the earliest time in order to take the necessary steps.Recommendations of the American Society of cancer for early detection of breast cancer:- X-ray examination of the breasts a year from the age of 40 years on a regular basis as long as the women in good health- A clinical examination of the breast every 3 years starting from the age of 20 years and each year starting from the 40- Breast self-examination at the age of 20 remains optional, but women should consult their doctor if any symptoms appear in breast
- In the event of a rise in the risk of breast cancer, Ms. discuss her doctor about the benefits and harms of start examining mammograms at an early age or add other tests Kalsonar or magnetic resonance imaging, or undergo more frequent examinations.Diagnosis of breast disease by imaging tests
Imaging Studies
1)screening mammograms
Mammography
The radiographic examination of the best ways in which they can identify the tumor may be a cancer, even if you do not touch palpation possible. And radiographic examination is a process imaging of the breast X-ray is able to detect small changes and precise tissue that may indicate the presence of disease malignant, and it should be noted that the amount of radiation in each examination equivalent to those used in the filming of the teeth and therefore does not pose a threat.
2) breast imaging ultrasound or sonar
Breast Ultrasound
This method helps to distinguish between tumor and tumor malignant or benign. The advantage of this test are not subjected Ms. any radiation and the possibility of better diagnosis of the tumor when dense breast tissue.
3) imaging milk ducts in the breast
Galactogram, Ductoram
This test is significant in the case of a discharge from the nipple
4) breast MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast MRIB
Based on the decisions of the American Society of Breast Diseases issued on June 28, 2004, the breast MRI is complementary to mammography X-ray, screening clinical breast and breast screening sonar to detect breast cancer in women at risk of injury given the data Family and genetic and this test is not supported in the early detection for breast cancer in general, but it can be resorted to in the following cases:
- Determine the spread of the disease
- The discovery of tumor to the lymph nodes under the armpit
- Distinguish between scar resulting from breast surgery or re-infection
- Magnifier detection of breast cancer in the event of exposure to infection is very high
- A case study of Breast Implants
- Assessment of disease response rate to chemotherapy introductory Neoadjuvant
5) examination by the needle
Fine needle aspiration biopsy FNAB
This examination is carried out by a fine needle under local anesthetic effect with the ability to monitor directly to guide the needle by ultrasonic imaging or CT. This allows examination by taking a sample of the tumor cells in the breast for study.
6) examination by the needle thicker
Stereotaxic core needle biopsy
An examination directed done by a thicker needle from the needle used in the previous examination (diameter 1/16 to 1/8 of an inch) and allows access to the fabric and not just cells, giving greater access to diagnostic laboratory for sure
7) radioisotope tomography
PET scan: Positron Emission Tomography Scan
This test can be used alone instead of multiple imaging tests to it being a full body scan. It is also possible to use as checking a diagnostic adjunct to breast screening by X-rays, especially in the case of doubt the spread of the disease to the lymph nodes under the armpit especially when they are overgrown gland.
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